n.a formal description of a data structureO’Meara and Stratton 2016, 72Schema: A structured framework of plan. In the case of metadata schemas, it is a way to execute a specific metadata standard. For example, PREMIS XML is a schema used to execute the PREMIS metadata standard.Cocciolo 2016a, 124Most DAMs function more like item-level digital libraries, where individual items are assigned metadata using schemas like Dublin Core, VRA Core, or customized item-based schemas.Walton 2017, 32In the following decade, online archival description and its EAD schema would come under a significant amount of fire as practitioners began to question the functionality, display, and effectiveness of finding aids in the context of the World Wide Web and its increasingly demanding users.W3C 2018XML Schemas express shared vocabularies and allow machines to carry out rules made by people. They provide a means for defining the structure, content and semantics of XML documents.Sweetser and Orchard 2019, 340One natural area for collaboration between archivists and catalogers is in the crosswalking between EAD and MARC schemas from the system.Sweetser and Orchard 2019, 341Whereas MARC and EAD records act as descriptive surrogates for the archival collections, digital files require additional description using a metadata schema (e.g., Dublin Core) linked or embedded within the file to meet digital preservation needs.Wiedeman 2019a, 407 XML was never widely used over relational databases for permanent and authoritative information stores governed by schemas and namespaces as most of library and information science literature envisions.Gentry et al. 2021, 78Throughout the years in Special Collections, processing archivists most often described collections to the folder level and used Describing Archives: A Content Standard (DACS) to govern descriptive format, while Digital Services included item-level metadata description using a defined metadata schema (MODS, Dublin Core, etc.) within its digital collections.Joyce et al. 2022, 116First, our failure to adopt a standardized metadata schema or use controlled vocabularies at any point during the last twenty-five years resulted in substandard metadata quality.Reijerkerk and Reed 2023, 567Finding materials is challenging because catalog records, schemas, and classifications used to describe Indigenous materials have often omitted Indigenous contributors and informants, and included misspelled, biased, and sometimes racist information.
